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Control strategies for combining local energy storage with wells turbine oscillating water column devices

This paper proposes three generator control strategies for Wells turbine-based floating oscillating wáter column (OWC) devices comprising electrical or mechanical energy storage systems. The first control strategy is indicated for low inertia turbine OWC devices that include ultracapacitors. This control law optimizes the power take-off efficiency by means of an instantaneous speed controller that allows variation of the turbine rotational speed in a wave-by-wave basis. In addition, the profile of the electrical power injected into the grid is smoothed, so that a high penetration of wave energy does not threaten the grid stability. The second and third control laws are developed for OWC systems comprising a flywheel. Quasi-constant and variable speed controllers are proposed. These control laws do not maximize the system efficiency but allow the use of simpler, smaller and cheaper power electronics. Additionally the power quality is also optimized. The development of the proposed control algorithms is accomplished by means of simulations and verified with an experimental test rig.European Commission - MARINET project (Marine Renewables Infrastructure Network) , KIC InnoEnergy through the CIPOWER (Controllable and Intelligent Power Components) projec

Achieving sustainability in US fisheries: community engagement in co-management

The United States government is moving toward a co-management model to fishery governance based on stakeholder engagement. As essential stakeholders, the participation of local fishermen and their communities is fundamental for the efficiency and effectiveness of regulations and the sustainability of the nation's fisheries. However, the emphasis on stakeholder engagement is a substantial barrier to local participation. The author situates this barrier in the overriding assumption of US fishery governance, which considers individuals the key local actors in resource management. Nonetheless, existing fishery governance frameworks have produced intriguing alternative policy instruments. One such alternative, Community Development Quotas, may serve as a platform for the empowerment of local communities and, as a result, the encouragement of sustainable fishing and development in coastal areas. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.